Last updated: 2026-10-10

2025 Tesla Model S
RELIABILITY SCORE: 50/100 (MIXED)

2025 Tesla Model S Reliability Report

The 2025 Tesla Model S rates mixed, with AP4 driver-assist computer failures on nearly new cars as the main problem.

Recalls

7

Complaints

94

Complaint Rate

102.2per 10,000 sold

Est. Repair Cost

$832

EV Range

312–410 mi

Detailed Score Breakdown

Complaint Severity37/100

Component-weighted complaints normalized by sales volume

Repair Costs40/100

Independent repair cost ratings

Recall Impact71/100

Recall count weighted by severity

Issue Diversity70/100

Breadth of reported problem categories

The Verdict

Caution

Best of the eight scored Model S years, with far fewer complaints and recalls than 2024, though AP4 computer failures hit cars under 1,000 miles.

Top Issues to Watch

  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (16)
  • FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE (11)
  • SERVICE BRAKES (10)

Generation & Refresh (US)

Post-Refresh

2025 is 4 years after the second major facelift refresh.

  • Year 13 in the First generation (Model S) (2013–present).
  • Well-established in its generation — most early issues should be resolved.
  • 1st generation Model S (US).

What this means for buyers

Post-refresh years tend to be among the most refined — updates have been applied and early kinks worked out.

2013: First generation (Model S) Launch

Generation start — new platform.

2017: Mid-Cycle Refresh

Updated features and styling tweaks.

2021: Mid-Cycle Refresh

Updated features and styling tweaks.

2025: This Model Year

2025 is 4 years after the second major facelift refresh.

Should You Buy the 2025 Tesla Model S?

Mixed is the fair verdict. This is the best of the eight scored Model S years, yet it sits well below average against other 2025 sedans. The 2024 year also rates mixed but worse, with 316 complaints and 19 recalls against 94 complaints and 7 recalls here.

The main problem is the AP4 driver-assist computer. Owners report it failing on nearly new cars, between 73 and 1,000 miles, and knocking out every camera, the backup camera, navigation, cruise control, lane keeping and automatic emergency braking at once. Repairs dragged for weeks because parts were back-ordered. Other filings describe hard braking with nothing ahead and lane-keeping failures that ended in crashes. Two electrical filings involve fire. Many excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars, so treat them as warning signs, not proof for this sedan.

Ask for federal recall records covering back over prevention, electrical system, tires and air bags, and confirm each is closed. Ask whether the AP4 computer has been replaced, and test every camera and driver-assist feature.

See also the 2024 Tesla Model S for an earlier comparison.

Pros

  • +5-star NHTSA crash rating
  • +Well-established generation

Cons

  • −Below-average reliability score
  • −Above-average recall count
  • −Above-average complaint rate for Sedan
  • −ELECTRICAL SYSTEM issues reported (16 complaints)
  • −1 fatality report in owner complaints
  • −2 fire incidents reported in owner complaints

Compare 2025 Tesla Model S With

Common Problem Categories

Safety

LOW RISK
  • 7 manufacturer recalls issued

Other

HIGH RISK
  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (16)
  • UNKNOWN OR OTHER (14)

See detailed breakdown by component ↓

Recall Overview

7

recalls on record

The 2025 Tesla Model S has 7 recalls on record, which is above average. A high count can flag multiple component concerns, though it also shows the manufacturer is actively addressing known issues.

NHTSA.gov →

Complaint Breakdown

102.2

per 10,000 sold

Segment avg: 2

LowAvgHigh
High

Safety Incidents

23

Crashes

2

Fires

10

Injuries

1

Deaths

★★★★★

NHTSA 5/5 Stars

Data sourced from NHTSA complaint filings and manufacturer recall notices. Complaint narratives are owner-reported.

2025 Tesla Model S Recall Details

7 recalls have been issued for the 2025 Tesla Model S. All recall repairs are performed free of charge at authorized dealerships.

25V0020002025-01-07

BACK OVER PREVENTION, ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024-2025 Model 3, Model S, 2023-2025 Model X, and Model Y vehicles. The computer circuit board may short, resulting in the loss of the rearview camera image. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 111, "Rear Visibility."

Consequence

A rearview camera that does not display an image reduces the driver's rear view, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy

Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Tesla will also identify any vehicles that experienced a circuit board failure, or stress that may lead to a circuit board failure, and replace the affected computers, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 7, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-25-00-001.

24V9350002024-12-17

TIRES

Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2024 Cybertruck, 2017-2025 Model 3, and 2020-2025 Model Y vehicles. The tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) warning light may not remain illuminated between drive cycles, failing to warn the driver of low tire pressure. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 138, "Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems."

Consequence

Driving with improperly inflated tires increases the risk of a crash.

Remedy

Tesla released an over-the-air (OTA) software update, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 15, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-00-018.

24V9670002024-12-24

AIR BAGS

Tesla, Inc. (Tesla) is recalling certain 2021-2025 Model S and Model X vehicles. The driver's air bag could tear during deployment. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) numbers 208, "Occupant Crash Protection" and 212, "Windshield Mounting."

Consequence

A torn air bag may not adequately protect an occupant in a crash, increasing the risk of injury.

Remedy

Tesla service will replace the air bag assembly, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 21, 2025. Owners may contact Tesla customer service at 1-877-798-3752. Tesla's number for this recall is SB-24-20-001.

VIN History Report

Buying a used 2025 Tesla Model S? Check its history first

Electrical system problems lead owner complaints about the 2025 Tesla Model S, and 7 recalls were issued for it. A VIN check shows whether this car's recall work was done, plus accident, title, and odometer history.

No VIN? Just hit “Check VIN” to look one up.

  • Accidents
  • Open Recalls
  • Title History
  • Odometer Rollback

2025 Tesla Model S NHTSA Safety Ratings

Overall Safety Rating

Overall safety rating: 5 out of 5
Crash Test Results by Configuration (expand)

Gas Powertrain

Driver: 5/5Passenger: 5/5

Rollover risk: 9.7%

Safety Technologies

Dynamic Head Restraints (Not Available)Head Restraint (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Advanced Belt Feature (Not Available)Seat Belt Pretensioners (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Seat Belt Load Limiters (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Adjustable Upper Belt Anchorage (Driver, Front Passenger)Seat Belt Reminder System (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Frontal Air Bag (Driver, Front Passenger)Head Protection (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Torso and/or Pelvis Protection (Driver, Front Passenger)Knee (Driver, Front Passenger)Additional Air Bags (Driver In-board Far-side Airbag)Meets Side Air Bag Out-of-Position Requirements (Yes)Unattended Child Reminder Direct Sensing System (No)LATCH Locations (2nd row)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) (Standard)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) locations (Not Available)
View full safety data on NHTSA.gov →

Tesla Model SRepair Costs & Maintenance

Maintenance Rating

2Maintenance rating: 2 out of 5

Based on NHTSA complaint patterns, recall severity, and publicly available cost benchmarks.

Est. Annual Maintenance

$832

Category-level averages derived from publicly available industry reports (AAA, CarMD). Model-level estimates produced by Auto Reliability Index.

2025 Tesla Model S Example Repair Prices

National average price ranges for common repairs. These are not model-year-specific failure predictions.

Common repair costs and price estimates
RepairEstimated Cost
No Start Diagnosis$122 – $179
Tire Pressure Monitor Lamp Diagnosis$122 – $179
General Diagnosis$122 – $179
General Diagnosis$122 – $179
Noise Diagnosis$122 – $179
Tire Pressure Monitor Lamp Diagnosis$122 – $179
Noise Diagnosis$122 – $179
Vibration Diagnosis$122 – $179
Check Engine Light Diagnosis & Testing$122 – $179
AC Diagnosis$122 – $179

Estimates based on national average repair costs. Actual costs may vary by location and shop.

MPG & Annual Running Costs

Electric

312–410 mi range

Fuel cost: $600–$800/yr

Fuel only

27.131–36.141 kWh/100mi · 9.7–14 hrs @ 240V

Based on EPA fuel-cost estimates. Excludes routine maintenance, depreciation, and insurance. Data as of 2025 EPA label cycle.

Electric trims
TrimDriveTrans.RangekWh/100miFuel Cost
Model SAll-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)410 mi27.1$600
Model S Plaid (19in wheels)All-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)348 mi32.5$750
Model S Plaid (21in wheels)All-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)312 mi36.1$800

Used Buying Checklist

Key things to inspect or verify before purchasing a 2025 Tesla Model S.

  • Check every camera view, the backup camera and GPS navigation; a total camera outage points to driver-assist computer failure.

  • Ask for service records showing any AP4 computer replacement and how long the car waited for parts.

  • Drive on a highway with cruise control on and watch for hard braking with nothing ahead.

  • Shift between Drive and Reverse slowly in an empty lot and confirm the car moves the right way without surging.

  • Close the front trunk, then pull up on both sides to confirm it is fully latched before driving.

  • Inspect the windshield for cracks and seal gaps, and ask whether it was ever replaced.

  • Start the car and confirm no safety restraint or airbag warning stays on the screen.

  • Test the horn and both turn-signal buttons repeatedly, checking for weak sound or delayed response.

2025 Tesla Model S Common Problems by Component

94 owner complaints grouped by vehicle system.

16
14
11
10
21
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (16)UNKNOWN OR OTHER (14)FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE (11)SERVICE BRAKES (10)STEERING (7)VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (6)LANE DEPARTURE (5)AIR BAGS (4)Other (21)

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

16 complaintsSafety-related

Model S electrical problems across all model years

The driver-assist computer, called AP4, fails on nearly new cars and takes down every camera, the backup camera, GPS navigation, cruise control, lane keeping and automatic emergency braking at once. Several cars had under 1,000 miles. Owners describe weeks-long service waits and back-ordered parts. Other reports cover a horn that goes quiet in rain, a touchscreen that goes black until a hard reboot, and a front trunk lid that flies open at highway speed. Two filings involve fire, including smoke from the vents followed by flames in the dash. Most excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.

16 complaints total3 crashes2 fires1 injury

UNKNOWN OR OTHER

14 complaintsSafety-related

The car moves in the wrong direction: it reverses while in Drive, surges when shifted into reverse, or drops into Park in slow traffic. Three filings are crash-related, two of them involving the car backing into a wall or a parked truck. Full Self-Driving complaints describe approaching red lights without slowing, attempting illegal turns, and steering into a snow-covered lane. The horn fades in rain or snow, and windshields crack without impact, sometimes after defrosting. Turn signals cancel late. Most excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.

14 complaints total3 crashes

FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE

11 complaintsSafety-related

Model S automatic emergency braking problems across all model years

Hard, unexplained braking is the main complaint. Cruise control or Autopilot brakes sharply for vehicles in adjacent lanes, curve signs, or turning cars at a safe distance, raising rear-end risk. A Curvature Assist message appears on straight roads and cuts speed suddenly. Other reports describe Autopilot or Full Self-Driving veering toward adjacent traffic or into oncoming lanes. The AP4 computer failure also shows up here, disabling cameras and collision warnings within the first few hundred miles. Two filings are crash-related, one at 55 mph into roadside posts. Most excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.

11 complaints total2 crashes
SERVICE BRAKES (10 complaints)

SERVICE BRAKES

10 complaintsSafety-related

Model S brake problems across all model years

Sudden hard braking with nothing ahead is the most common report, and two drivers describe whiplash from it. Automatic emergency braking switches itself back on every drive even after being turned off. Other filings describe the car not stopping despite firm pedal pressure, rolling forward while parked on a snowy driveway, and regenerative braking, traction control and stability control dropping out at random. One-pedal regenerative braking cannot be turned off, which owners call unsafe on ice. Two filings are crash-related. Most excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.

10 complaints total2 crashes1 injury
STEERING (7 complaints)

STEERING

7 complaintsSafety-related

Model S steering problems across all model years

Lane-keeping failures under Full Self-Driving or Autopilot account for the most serious reports. The car leaves its lane and hits a divider, guard rail or tree, in one case disengaging about 1 second before impact. Four of seven filings are crash-related, with three injuries. A "Steering Assist reduced" alert leaves the wheel extremely hard to turn, forcing a tow on a car under 20 days old. The turn-signal button on the wheel or yoke works only intermittently, even after yoke replacement. Most excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.

7 complaints total4 crashes3 injuries
VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (6 complaints)

VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL

6 complaintsSafety-related

Model S acceleration and cruise control problems across all model years

Unintended acceleration at low speed is the main pattern. The car lunges forward or shoots backward when shifted, when the brake is released, or during automatic parking, striking bollards, trees and garage contents. Three of six filings are crash-related, with three injuries. Other complaints say a Full Self-Driving update removed driver-set speed targets and that the system misreads speed limits by as much as 25 mph, causing abrupt speed changes. One report ties an AP4 computer failure to lost cameras and safety features within 700 miles. Most excerpts describe Model Y cars.

6 complaints total3 crashes3 injuries
LANE DEPARTURE (5 complaints)

LANE DEPARTURE

5 complaintsSafety-related

Cameras and driver aids drop out when the AP4 computer fails, leaving no backup camera, GPS, collision warning or lane departure warning. One report adds side mirrors stuck dimmed in daylight. Failures arrive within weeks of delivery, then repair dates slip for weeks with no loaner offered. Three filings are crash-related: Full Self-Driving clipping a truck while changing lanes, the system shutting off mid-turn at highway speed, and the car backing into a parked car without any warning. Most excerpts describe Model Y cars.

5 complaints total3 crashes
AIR BAGS (4 complaints)

AIR BAGS

4 complaintsSafety-related

Airbags fail to deploy in serious crashes. Three of four filings are crash-related, covering a T-bone collision that totaled the car, a high-speed side impact, and a 30 mph frontal hit into a tree. Two reports add that seat belts did not lock or retract. Another owner reports a front left safety restraint warning and a service wait of at least 10 days. Two filings report injuries. Most excerpts describe Model Y cars.

4 complaints total3 crashes2 injuries
VISIBILITY/WIPER (3 complaints)

VISIBILITY/WIPER

3 complaints

Windshields crack when defrost runs in extreme cold, and owners say Tesla declines to cover the glass. Camera-based automatic wipers miss light rain and swipe a dry windshield, smearing bugs and sap. Turning them off does not stick, because they switch back on whenever Autopilot or Full Self-Driving is engaged. A third filing repeats the AP4 computer failure that disables cameras, driver aids and navigation. No crashes or injuries are reported in this category.

3 complaints total
STRUCTURE (3 complaints)

STRUCTURE

3 complaints

Doors and the front trunk misbehave. A driver's door reports itself open when it is closed and locks occupants in or out at random, taking several service visits and replaced parts before it works. The front trunk lid flies open at highway speed and shatters the windshield, the same failure described under electrical complaints. A third filing describes Full Self-Driving reversing into a pole while parking. The excerpts involve Model X and Model Y cars, including one 2026 Model Y.

3 complaints total

When Do 2025 Tesla Model S Problems Start?

Based on owner complaint patterns, here's when common issues tend to appear.

73–1,000 milesAP4 computer failure, cameras out

Best & Worst Tesla Model S Years

Best Tesla Model S Years to Buy

Tesla Model S Years to Avoid

Tesla Model S Reliability Score Trend

Scores 0–100. Higher is better. Current year highlighted.

Tesla Model S reliability scores by year
YearScoreRating
201846/100Mixed
201948/100Mixed
202037/100Risky
202126/100Risky
202244/100Mixed
202332/100Risky
202442/100Mixed
202550/100Mixed

Tesla Model S Reliability Compared to Other Years

Reliability scores compared across model years
YearScorevs Prior YearRatingRecallsComplaints
2025(selected)50/100+8Mixed794
202442/100+10Mixed19316
202332/100-12Risky431307
202244/100+18Mixed18796
202126/100-11Risky671211
202037/100-11Risky43465
201948/100+2Mixed14120
201846/100—Mixed16297

2025 Tesla Model S Common Questions

4 questions from 2025 Tesla Model S owners.

wipers are not working

my tesla Y wipers are not working and water is coming from bottom

VisitorMay 27, 2025

Can you tell me if you can switch the 3 antennas in your old side mirrors to your new side mirrors that don't come with them?

2018 Tesla model 3 Can you tell me if you can switch the 3 antennas in your old side mirrors to your new side mirrors that don't come with them? Comes with blue connector but not the 2 antenna connectors in the RH mirror and the 1 antennas connector in the LH mirror. Wanting to use these antennas on new mirror. Are they easy to switch to new mirrors that do not come with the antennas?

VisitorAug 7, 2024

wipers are not working

my tesla Y wipers are not working and water is coming from bottom

VisitorMay 27, 2025

Can you tell me if you can switch the 3 antennas in your old side mirrors to your new side mirrors that don't come with them?

2018 Tesla model 3 Can you tell me if you can switch the 3 antennas in your old side mirrors to your new side mirrors that don't come with them? Comes with blue connector but not the 2 antenna connectors in the RH mirror and the 1 antennas connector in the LH mirror. Wanting to use these antennas on new mirror. Are they easy to switch to new mirrors that do not come with the antennas?

VisitorAug 7, 2024

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the 2025 Tesla Model S reliable?
Its reliability is mixed. It is the best of the eight scored Model S years, but it falls well below average among 2025 sedans. Owners filed 94 complaints, led by electrical failures and unexpected braking. The federal crash-test rating is 5 of 5 stars.
What are the most common problems with the 2025 Tesla Model S?
Electrical faults lead, with 16 complaints, followed by forward collision avoidance with 11, service brakes with 10 and steering with 7. Typical symptoms are a failed AP4 driver-assist computer, sudden hard braking with nothing ahead, and lane-keeping errors. Many excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.
Does the 2025 Tesla Model S have AP4 computer problems?
Yes, owners report it. The AP4 computer fails on nearly new cars, often between 73 and 1,000 miles. It disables every camera, the backup camera, navigation, cruise control, lane keeping and automatic emergency braking together. Owners describe service waits of weeks and back-ordered parts.
Does the 2025 Tesla Model S have braking problems?
Owners do report them. The most common complaint is sudden hard braking with nothing ahead, and two drivers describe whiplash. Others say automatic emergency braking turns itself back on every drive. Two braking filings are crash-related. Many excerpts describe Model Y and Model X cars.
Is the 2025 Tesla Model S better than the 2024?
Its record is better so far. The 2024 rates mixed but worse, with 316 complaints and 19 recalls, against 94 complaints and 7 recalls for the 2025. Both years rate mixed, and the 2025 still has serious complaints involving electrical and driver-assist systems.

Don’t buy a 2025 Tesla Model S without checking its VIN first — hidden accidents, title issues, and open recalls could cost you thousands.

Look Up a VIN →

How we score the 2025 Tesla Model S

Of the four inputs behind this score, the 2025 Tesla Model S does best on recall impact (71/100) and worst on complaint severity (37/100). Scores weight complaint severity at 35%, repair costs at 30%, recall impact at 20%, and the spread of complaints across systems at 15%, with complaint counts adjusted for US sales. Read the full methodology.

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