Last updated: 2026-10-10

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning
RELIABILITY SCORE: 45/100 (MIXED)

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Report

The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning has a mixed record, with sudden low-speed lurching and rear hub bolt breaks as the main worries.

Recalls

11

Complaints

175

Complaint Rate

72.4per 10,000 sold

Est. Repair Cost

N/A

EV Range

240–320 mi

Detailed Score Breakdown

Complaint Severity38/100

Component-weighted complaints normalized by sales volume

Repair Costs30/100

Independent repair cost ratings

Recall Impact55/100

Recall count weighted by severity

Issue Diversity75/100

Breadth of reported problem categories

The Verdict

Caution

Middle of the pack for the Lightning, with low-speed lurching, no-start warnings, and rear hub bolt fractures that set it apart from the better-rated 2024.

Top Issues to Watch

  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)
  • POWER TRAIN (37)
  • EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17)

Generation & Refresh (US)

Post-Redesign (Year 2)

2023 is year 2 of the First generation.

  • Redesigned for the 2022 model year.
  • 1st generation F-150 Lightning (US).

What this means for buyers

Year 2 is typically a safer pick than the first model year — early issues are more likely to be identified, but the platform is still new.

If you're comparing prices, check 2022 (redesign year) vs 2023+ pricing and recalls.

2022: First generation Launch

Generation start — new platform.

2023: This Model Year

2023 is year 2 of the First generation.

Should You Buy the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning?

Mixed is the fair verdict here. This year sits well below average among 2023 trucks and lands in the middle of the five scored Lightning years. The 2022 rates worse. The 2024 rates better, though it has had less time to collect complaints. The federal crash-test rating is 5 of 5 stars.

The worst reports involve the truck lurching or accelerating at parking speeds while the driver brakes or shifts. Two ended with the truck hitting a wall or a pylon. Other owners get a "Stop Safely Now" warning and a no-start, often under 2,000 miles. Rear wheel-end hub bolts can fracture, with noise or squealing first, then loss of drive or a parked truck rolling away. Owners describe waiting months for parts. Water in the rear light bar can also knock out the brake and backup lights, and some replacements failed again.

Ask for proof that every open recall was completed, and check the rear wheels for noise on a test drive. Look at a 2024 as an alternative, keeping in mind its short complaint history.

Compared to the 2024 Ford F-150 Lightning, which scored 16 points higher. See also the 2022 Ford F-150 Lightning for an earlier comparison.

Pros

  • +5-star NHTSA crash rating
  • +Not a first-year model

Cons

  • −Below-average reliability score
  • −Above-average recall count
  • −Above-average complaint rate for Truck
  • −ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: Most serious pattern is the truck lurching or accelerating at parking speeds... (71 complaints)
  • −1 fire incident reported in owner complaints

Compare 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning With

Common Problem Categories

Safety

LOW RISK
  • 11 manufacturer recalls issued

Other

HIGH RISK
  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)
  • POWER TRAIN (37)

See detailed breakdown by component ↓

Recall Overview

11

recalls on record

The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning has 11 recalls on record, which is above average. A high count can flag multiple component concerns, though it also shows the manufacturer is actively addressing known issues.

NHTSA.gov →

Complaint Breakdown

72.4

per 10,000 sold

Segment avg: 10.7

LowAvgHigh
High

Safety Incidents

7

Crashes

1

Fires

3

Injuries

0

Deaths

★★★★★

NHTSA 5/5 Stars

Data sourced from NHTSA complaint filings and manufacturer recall notices. Complaint narratives are owner-reported.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Recall Details

11 recalls have been issued for the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning. All recall repairs are performed free of charge at authorized dealerships.

23V1680002023-03-15

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2023 F-150 Lightning pickup trucks. The high-voltage battery pack may experience an electrical short-circuit when the battery is fully charged or near fully charged.

Consequence

A battery short-circuit increases the risk of a fire.

Remedy

Dealers will replace the high-voltage battery pack, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed March 31, 2023. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 23S15.

25V8630002025-12-12

POWER TRAIN

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2026 F-150 Lightning BEV, 2024-2026 Mustang Mach-E, and 2025-2026 Maverick vehicles. The integrated park module may fail to lock into the park position when the driver shifts into park. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 114, "Theft Protection and Rollaway Prevention."

Consequence

A loss of park function can allow the vehicle to rollaway, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy

The park module software will be updated over-the-air (OTA) or by a dealer, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 3, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25C69. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall will be searchable on NHTSA.gov beginning January 26, 2026.

25V7310002025-10-24

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2023 F-150 Lightning BEV vehicles previously repaired under recall number 23V418. The rear lightbar may have microcracks in the outer lens that allows moisture to accumulate, which can result in inoperative or flickering reverse lights.

Consequence

Inoperative or flickering reverse lights may not alert other driver's that the vehicle is reversing, increasing the risk of injury or crash.

Remedy

Dealers will inspect and replace the rear lightbar and fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Interim letters, notifying owners of the safety risk, were mailed November 10, 2025. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available, anticipated in March 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25SB6. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on October 29, 2025.

Showing 10 of 11 recalls. View all on NHTSA.gov →

VIN History Report

11 recalls and a score of 45 — check any 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning before buying

With a below-average reliability score, a VIN check is especially important. Uncover hidden accidents, title problems, odometer rollbacks, and open recalls that data alone can't show you.

No VIN? Just hit “Check VIN” to look one up.

  • Accidents
  • Open Recalls
  • Title History
  • Odometer Rollback

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning NHTSA Safety Ratings

Overall Safety Rating

Overall safety rating: 5 out of 5
Crash Test Results by Configuration (expand)

BEV Powertrain

Driver: 4/5Passenger: 4/5

Rollover risk: 12.7%

Safety Technologies

Dynamic Head Restraints (Not Available)Head Restraint (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Advanced Belt Feature (Not Available)Seat Belt Pretensioners (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Seat Belt Load Limiters (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Adjustable Upper Belt Anchorage (Driver, Front Passenger)Seat Belt Reminder System (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Frontal Air Bag (Driver, Front Passenger)Head Protection (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Torso and/or Pelvis Protection (Driver, Front Passenger)Knee (Driver, Front Passenger)Additional Air Bags (Not Available)Meets Side Air Bag Out-of-Position Requirements (Yes)LATCH Locations (2nd row)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) (Standard)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) locations (Driver)
View full safety data on NHTSA.gov →

Ford F-150 LightningRepair Costs & Maintenance

Maintenance Rating

1.5Maintenance rating: 1.5 out of 5

Based on NHTSA complaint patterns, recall severity, and publicly available cost benchmarks.

Category-level averages derived from publicly available industry reports (AAA, CarMD). Model-level estimates produced by Auto Reliability Index.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Example Repair Prices

National average price ranges for common repairs. These are not model-year-specific failure predictions.

Common repair costs and price estimates
RepairEstimated Cost
Noise Diagnosis$122 – $179
Tire Pressure Monitoring System Relearn$49 – $72
Ignition Switch Replacement$128 – $156
Sunroof Motor Replacement$760 – $1,016
Traction Control Switch Replacement$363 – $511
Suspension Shock or Strut Replacement$1,099 – $1,407
Backup Warning System Sensor Replacement$1,686 – $1,725
Power Seat Switch Replacement$140 – $163
AC Recharge$344 – $441
AC Condenser Replacement$1,008 – $1,208

Estimates based on national average repair costs. Actual costs may vary by location and shop.

MPG & Annual Running Costs

Electric

240–320 mi range

Fuel cost: $1,100–$1,150/yr

Fuel only

47.914–50.707 kWh/100mi · 9.3–11.9 hrs @ 240V

Based on EPA fuel-cost estimates. Excludes routine maintenance, depreciation, and insurance. Data as of 2023 EPA label cycle.

Electric trims
TrimDriveTrans.RangekWh/100miFuel Cost
F-150 Lightning 4WDAll-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)240 mi49.4$1,100
F-150 Lightning 4WD Extended RangeAll-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)320 mi47.9$1,100
F-150 Lightning Platinum 4WDAll-Wheel DriveAutomatic (A1)300 mi50.7$1,150

Used Buying Checklist

Key things to inspect or verify before purchasing a 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning.

  • Run the VIN for recalls 23V896 and 25V512000 and get proof the rear hub bolt repair was completed.

  • Listen for squealing or clunking from the rear wheels during light acceleration and braking at low speed.

  • Look inside the tailgate light bar and tail lights for moisture, then test the brake and reverse lights for flicker.

  • Start the truck several times and watch for a Stop Safely Now warning or a frozen backup camera screen.

  • In one-pedal mode, shift from reverse to drive at parking speed and confirm the truck neither rolls nor lurches.

  • Run the A/C for at least an hour on the highway and confirm it keeps cooling and defrosting.

  • Use adaptive cruise on a highway and watch for sudden braking or misread speed limits on the dash.

  • Check that all driver-assist systems come on at startup with no warning messages or off-center steering wheel.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Common Problems by Component

175 owner complaints grouped by vehicle system.

71
37
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)POWER TRAIN (37)EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17)UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17)SERVICE BRAKES (6)STEERING (5)VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (5)VISIBILITY/WIPER (4)Other (13)

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

71 complaintsSafety-related

The most serious pattern is the truck lurching or accelerating at parking speeds while the driver brakes or shifts. Two of these reports end with the truck hitting a wall or a pylon. A second group describes the truck refusing to start and showing a "Stop Safely Now" warning, often under 2,000 miles. These no-starts clear after the truck sits, and several involve the PowerBoost hybrid. Water inside the rear light bar shorts out the backup and brake lights, and some recall replacements fail again. Blank gauge clusters and brief power loss also appear, and dealers often cannot reproduce the faults.

71 complaints total2 crashes1 fire

POWER TRAIN

37 complaintsSafety-related

Rear wheel-end hub bolts fracture, with failures reported around 18,000 miles. The first signs are noise or squealing, and the failure can cause loss of drive or a parked truck rolling away. Many filings concern recall 23V896, with parts unavailable and trucks stuck at dealers for months. Some owners say their VIN is excluded. Other reports describe reduced-power warnings and long shop visits within the first 1,083 miles, plus hesitation when the hybrid switches from electric to gas. One crash with two injuries involves sudden acceleration and unresponsive brakes. A front motor failure cut power without any warning.

37 complaints total1 crash2 injuries

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

17 complaints

Water collects inside the tailgate light bar and makes the brake and reverse lights flicker, strobe, or go dark. Recall 23S30 replaced many bars, but several replacements took on water again within months. Coverage after that is partial or denied. Some trucks have water in the tail light housings too, and one dealer estimate for that repair was $3000. Fewer reports describe headlamps flickering while steering, a dim daytime running light, and flickering fog lights. Failure mileages range from 9,729 to 70,000, and some drivers learned of dead lights only when police stopped them.

17 complaints total
UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17 complaints)

UNKNOWN OR OTHER

17 complaints

Sunroof glass shatters with a loud bang, with no impact, while the truck is driving or parked. This is the most alarming pattern. The A/C stops cooling after an hour or two of highway driving, which also leaves the windows unable to defrost. Other filings describe a shifter that sticks or has extra detents, which leads to wrong-gear selection. In some trucks, shifting cargo trips the frunk's emergency release and unlatches the hood while driving. The infotainment screen can freeze at startup and take the backup camera with it. Recall parts delays for the rear hub bolt also appear here.

17 complaints total
SERVICE BRAKES (6 complaints)

SERVICE BRAKES

6 complaintsSafety-related

Braking fails to respond as expected in low-speed situations, and two reports end in collisions. In one, the truck rolls backward when switching from reverse to drive in one-pedal mode. In the other, the truck does not slow despite a hard press on the pedal. Other reports describe the drive mode switching from sport to normal at highway speed, which removes the expected regenerative braking. Some trucks engage the parking brake at random when they stop. One report describes weak brakes alongside a cascade of warning lights. One owner found residue weeping from brake line crimps near the master cylinder.

6 complaints total2 crashes
STEERING (5 complaints)

STEERING

5 complaints

Power steering and brake assist disappear at highway speed, along with a flood of warning messages. In some cases the truck then shuts down completely. In one case the dealer traced this to a faulty 12V battery. Another report describes steering assist jerking the wheel and then locking at 70 mph on a truck with about 1500 miles. Separate complaints describe the truck bogging down when accelerating through a turn into traffic, and a gauge cluster that goes fully dark so the driver cannot see the speed.

5 complaints total
VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (5 complaints)

VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL

5 complaintsSafety-related

The truck surges forward at low speed while the driver lightly presses the brake. One such report ends in a crash into shrubs with an injury. The opposite failure also appears: adaptive cruise brakes hard on the highway after misreading a speed limit, dropping from 65 to 35 mph. Collision avoidance slams on the brakes in freeway traffic during a front camera fault. One-pedal mode sometimes lets the truck keep rolling instead of stopping. Cruise control has also engaged at walking speed and pushed the truck toward a garage door.

5 complaints total1 crash1 injury
VISIBILITY/WIPER (4 complaints)

VISIBILITY/WIPER

4 complaints

The infotainment system freezes on startup, so the backup camera is unavailable for 30 to 90 seconds. Sometimes the screen shows a stale, frozen image that hides people or cars behind the truck. One owner says this happens on about 50% of starts. A separate fault makes the A/C stop blowing from any vent even though the blower motor runs, which leaves the windows unable to defrost. One report describes the sunroof shattering at 70 mph with no impact, and a dealer confirmed it.

4 complaints total
FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE (3 complaints)

FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE

3 complaints

Pre-collision alerts go off on empty roads with no cars or pedestrians nearby. In other cases, every driver-assist system shuts down at startup, including blind spot monitoring, lane keeping, reverse sensing, and forward collision warning. One truck also pulled its steering wheel off-center until a calibration message appeared. Related reports describe the truck drifting toward a ditch, slow starts after rain or a wash, and a false trailer message. These faults recur across several dates, and dealers cannot duplicate them.

3 complaints total
WHEELS (2 complaints)

WHEELS

2 complaints

A rear axle bolt shears off, with one failure at about 10K miles. Both filings describe this in PowerBoost hybrid trucks and link it to recall 23V896, but in both the dealer or Ford says the VIN is not covered. One owner says the flaw affects PowerBoost trucks with the max tow package across several model years. The same hub bolt failure appears in the power train complaints, where it can cause loss of drive or roll-away.

2 complaints total

When Do 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Problems Start?

Based on owner complaint patterns, here's when common issues tend to appear.

10,000–18,000 milesRear axle hub bolt fracture
200–2,000 milesStop Safely Now no-start
465–1,083 milesPowertrain malfunction, reduced power

Best & Worst Ford F-150 Lightning Years

Best Ford F-150 Lightning Years to Buy

Top Pick
61
Good

2024

4Recalls
19Complaints
45
Mixed

2023

(Current Model)

11Recalls
175Complaints
39
Risky

2022

9Recalls
280Complaints

Ford F-150 Lightning Years to Avoid

39
Risky

2022

9Recalls
280Complaints
45
Mixed

2023

(Current Model)

11Recalls
175Complaints

Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Score Trend

Scores 0–100. Higher is better. Current year highlighted.

Ford F-150 Lightning reliability scores by year
YearScoreRating
202239/100Risky
202345/100Mixed
202461/100Good
202560/100Good
202666/100Good

Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Compared to Other Years

Reliability scores compared across model years
YearScorevs Prior YearRatingRecallsComplaints
202666/100+6Good10
202560/100-1Good32
202461/100+16Good419
2023(selected)45/100+6Mixed11175
202239/100—Risky9280

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning reliable?
Only in a mixed way. Owner complaints and federal records put it well below average among 2023 trucks, and in the middle of the five scored Lightning years. Its crash-test rating is 5 of 5 stars, but electrical faults, rear hub bolt failures, and low-speed lurching keep it from being an easy recommendation.
What are the most common problems with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning?
Electrical faults lead the complaints, followed by power train, exterior lighting, and service brakes. Owners report lurching at parking speeds, a "Stop Safely Now" no-start, fractured rear hub bolts, and water in the tailgate light bar that darkens the brake and reverse lights. Some brake reports involve poor response at low speed.
Does the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning have rear hub bolt problems?
Yes, owners report rear wheel-end hub bolts fracturing, typically between 10,000 and 18,000 miles. Noise or squealing comes first. The failure can cause loss of drive or let a parked truck roll away. Owners also describe parts being unavailable and trucks sitting at dealers for months.
Does the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning have tailgate light problems?
Yes. Owners describe water collecting inside the tailgate light bar, which makes brake and reverse lights flicker, strobe, or go dark. Several say replacement bars took on water again within months. Some drivers only learned a light was out when police stopped them.
Is the 2024 Ford F-150 Lightning better than the 2023?
The data rates the 2024 better, with far fewer complaints and fewer recalls than the 2023. Part of that gap is time, since newer trucks have had less road time to collect filings. The 2022 rates worse than the 2023, so the 2023 sits between them.

Don’t buy a 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning without checking its VIN first — hidden accidents, title issues, and open recalls could cost you thousands.

Look Up a VIN →

How we score the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning

Of the four inputs behind this score, the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning does best on how many systems draw complaints (75/100) and worst on repair costs (30/100). Scores weight complaint severity at 35%, repair costs at 30%, recall impact at 20%, and the spread of complaints across systems at 15%, with complaint counts adjusted for US sales. Read the full methodology.

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