Last updated: 2026-03-04

45
MixedReliability score: 45 out of 100, rated Mixed
2023 Ford F-150 Lightning

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Score & Common Problems

The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning scores 45/100 ("Mixed"). With 11 recalls and 175 owner complaints, buyers should proceed with caution.

2023 is year 2 of the First generation.

Recalls

11

Complaints

175

Complaint Rate

72.4

per 10k sold

Above avg

Est. Annual Cost

N/A

Major Repair Risk

N/A

NHTSA Rating

5/5

Score Breakdown

Complaint Severity35%
38/100 (Risky)

Component-weighted complaints normalized by sales volume

Repair Costs30%
30/100 (Risky)

Independent repair cost ratings

Recall Impact20%
55/100 (Mixed)

Recall count weighted by severity

Issue Diversity15%
75/100 (Good)

Breadth of reported problem categories

Caution

Mixed reliability — proceed with caution and budget for repairs.

Top Issues

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)POWER TRAIN (37)EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17)

11 recalls on record

Generation & Refresh (US)

Post-Redesign (Year 2)

2023 is year 2 of the First generation.

  • Redesigned for the 2022 model year.
  • 1st generation F-150 Lightning (US).

What this means for buyers

Year 2 is typically a safer pick than the first model year — early issues are more likely to be identified, but the platform is still new.

If you're comparing prices, check 2022 (redesign year) vs 2023+ pricing and recalls.

First generation

2022redesign
2023selected
2024
2025
Present

Should You Buy the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning?

The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning scores 45/100 ("Mixed"). Buyers should proceed with caution. 2023 is year 2 of the First generation.

With 175 owner complaints and 11 recalls, the complaint volume is above average. Reported issues — particularly in electrical system (71) — can be costly to repair.

An extended warranty is strongly recommended. A thorough pre-purchase inspection focused on electrical system (71) is essential before committing.

Compared to the 2024 Ford F-150 Lightning, which scored 16 points higher. See also the 2022 Ford F-150 Lightning for an earlier comparison.

Pros

  • 5-star NHTSA crash rating
  • Not a first-year model

Cons

  • Below-average reliability score
  • Above-average recall count
  • Above-average complaint rate for Truck
  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM: Unintended acceleration and power loss (71 complaints)
  • 1 fire incident reported in owner complaints

Compare 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning With

Common Problem Categories

Safety

  • 11 manufacturer recalls issued

Other

  • ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)
  • POWER TRAIN (37)
  • EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17)
  • UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17)
  • SERVICE BRAKES (6)
  • STEERING (5)
  • VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (5)
  • VISIBILITY/WIPER (4)
  • FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE (3)
  • ENGINE (2)
  • WHEELS (2)
  • SUSPENSION (1)
  • LANE DEPARTURE (1)
  • TRAILER HITCHES (1)
  • BACK OVER PREVENTION (1)
  • EQUIPMENT (1)
  • SEATS (1)

See detailed breakdown by component ↓

Recall Overview

11

recalls on record

The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning has 11 recalls on record, which is above average. A higher recall count can indicate multiple component concerns. However, recalls also demonstrate that the manufacturer is actively addressing known issues. All recall repairs are performed free of charge at authorized dealerships.

NHTSA.gov →

Complaint Breakdown

72.4

per 10k sold

Segment avg: 10.7

LowAvgHigh
High

Safety Incidents

Crashes

7

Fires

1

Injuries

3

Deaths

0

Data sourced from NHTSA complaint filings and manufacturer recall notices. Complaint narratives are owner-reported.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Recall Details

11 recalls have been issued for the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning. All recall repairs are performed free of charge at authorized dealerships.

25V8630002025-12-12

POWER TRAIN

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2026 F-150 Lightning BEV, 2024-2026 Mustang Mach-E, and 2025-2026 Maverick vehicles. The integrated park module may fail to lock into the park position when the driver shifts into park. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) number 114, "Theft Protection and Rollaway Prevention."

Consequence

A loss of park function can allow the vehicle to rollaway, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy

The park module software will be updated over-the-air (OTA) or by a dealer, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed February 3, 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25C69. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall will be searchable on NHTSA.gov beginning January 26, 2026.

25V7310002025-10-24

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2023 F-150 Lightning BEV vehicles previously repaired under recall number 23V418. The rear lightbar may have microcracks in the outer lens that allows moisture to accumulate, which can result in inoperative or flickering reverse lights.

Consequence

Inoperative or flickering reverse lights may not alert other driver's that the vehicle is reversing, increasing the risk of injury or crash.

Remedy

Dealers will inspect and replace the rear lightbar and fasteners as necessary, free of charge. Interim letters, notifying owners of the safety risk, were mailed November 10, 2025. Additional letters will be sent once the final remedy is available, anticipated in March 2026. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25SB6. Vehicle Identification Numbers (VINs) involved in this recall became searchable on NHTSA.gov on October 29, 2025.

25V3130002025-05-09

ELECTRONIC STABILITY CONTROL (ESC)

Ford Motor Company (Ford) is recalling certain 2022-2023 F-150 Lightning vehicles previously repaired incorrectly under recall number 23V801. The SYNC software may fail to activate the electronic stability control (ESC) system at the beginning of each ignition cycle. As such, these vehicles fail to comply with the requirements of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard number 126, "Electronic Stability Control Systems."

Consequence

Failure to reset the ESC to active may result in the driver unknowingly operating the vehicle without electronic stability control, increasing the risk of a crash.

Remedy

Dealers will update the Accessory Protocol Interface Module (APIM) software, free of charge. Owner notification letters were mailed June 18, 2025. Owners may contact Ford customer service at 1-866-436-7332. Ford's number for this recall is 25C15.

Showing 10 of 11 recalls. View all on NHTSA.gov →

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning NHTSA Safety Ratings

Overall Safety Rating

Overall safety rating: 5 out of 5
Crash Test Results by Configuration (expand)

BEV Powertrain

Driver: 4/5Passenger: 4/5

Rollover risk: 12.7%

Safety Technologies

Dynamic Head Restraints (Not Available)Head Restraint (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Advanced Belt Feature (Not Available)Seat Belt Pretensioners (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Seat Belt Load Limiters (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Adjustable Upper Belt Anchorage (Driver, Front Passenger)Seat Belt Reminder System (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Frontal Air Bag (Driver, Front Passenger)Head Protection (Driver, Front Passenger, 2nd row)Torso and/or Pelvis Protection (Driver, Front Passenger)Knee (Driver, Front Passenger)Additional Air Bags (Not Available)Meets Side Air Bag Out-of-Position Requirements (Yes)LATCH Locations (2nd row)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) (Standard)Safety Power Windows (Anti-Pinch) locations (Driver)
View full safety data on NHTSA.gov →

Ford F-150 Lightning Repair Costs & Maintenance

Maintenance Rating

1.5Maintenance rating: 1.5 out of 5

Based on NHTSA complaint patterns, recall severity, and publicly available cost benchmarks.

Category-level averages derived from publicly available industry reports (AAA, CarMD). Model-level estimates produced by Auto Reliability Index.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Example Repair Prices

National average price ranges for common repairs. These are not model-year-specific failure predictions.

Common repair costs and price estimates
RepairEstimated Cost
Noise Diagnosis$122 – $179
Tire Pressure Monitoring System Relearn$49 – $72
Ignition Switch Replacement$128 – $156
Sunroof Motor Replacement$760 – $1,016
Traction Control Switch Replacement$363 – $511
Suspension Shock or Strut Replacement$1,099 – $1,407
Backup Warning System Sensor Replacement$1,686 – $1,725
Power Seat Switch Replacement$140 – $163
AC Recharge$344 – $441
AC Condenser Replacement$1,008 – $1,208

Estimates based on national average repair costs. Actual costs may vary by location and shop.

When Buying a Used 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning

Key things to inspect or verify before purchasing, based on the most common reported issues.

  • Test for unintended acceleration from a stop
  • Check for water intrusion in rear light bar
  • Verify functionality of the infotainment and instrument panel
  • Inspect for power train or axle bolt issues
  • Ensure proper operation of the one-pedal braking system
  • Test steering for unexpected locking or loss of power assist
  • Check for any signs of electrical system malfunctions

Check Any 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning's History Before You Buy

Reliability scores tell you what to expect from the 2023 F-150 Lightning in general — but every car has its own story. Uncover past accidents, title issues, odometer rollbacks, and service records for a specific Ford F-150 Lightning with a free VIN lookup.

Powered by VINExposed.com — free vehicle history reports using public title and safety data.

2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Common Problems by Component

175 owner complaints grouped by vehicle system.

71
37
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71)POWER TRAIN (37)EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17)UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17)SERVICE BRAKES (6)STEERING (5)VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (5)VISIBILITY/WIPER (4)Other (13)

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

71 complaintsSafety-related

Owners of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning frequently report issues with the electrical system, particularly involving unintended acceleration and power loss. Complaints often describe the vehicle accelerating suddenly without throttle input or losing power temporarily, sometimes resulting in crashes. Instrument cluster failures are also common, with multiple reports of screens going blank, leaving drivers without critical information such as speed and battery charge. Additionally, water intrusion in the rear light bar is noted, leading to shorting and flickering lights. These issues are reported at various mileages, with some occurring as early as 16,000 miles, and raise safety concerns due to the potential for loss of vehicle control and visibility.

71 complaints total2 crashes1 fire

POWER TRAIN

37 complaintsSafety-related

Owners report several power train issues with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning, with common problems including hesitation in acceleration and unexpected power reductions. Complaints frequently mention the vehicle losing power or failing to shift out of park, with some experiencing a "Powertrain Malfunction/Reduced Power" warning. Several reports indicate rear axle bolt failures, often discovered during routine maintenance, leading to concerns about potential loss of control or parking capability. One crash is noted, resulting in two injuries, with the vehicle reportedly accelerating uncontrollably. These issues typically arise between 2,300 and 45,000 miles, highlighting potential safety risks for used car buyers.

37 complaints total1 crash2 injuries

EXTERIOR LIGHTING

17 complaints

Owners report several issues with the exterior lighting of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning, primarily involving water intrusion in the rear light bar and taillights. Complaints frequently mention moisture causing flickering, partial illumination, or complete failure of brake and reverse lights. These problems often persist even after recall-related repairs, with some owners experiencing repeated failures shortly after replacement. Typical mileage at the time of failure ranges from approximately 9,729 to 70,000 miles. Safety implications include increased risk of accidents due to inoperative brake and reverse lights, as well as potential visibility issues from flickering or misaligned headlights. These patterns suggest potential maintenance concerns for prospective buyers of used models.

17 complaints total
UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17 complaints)

UNKNOWN OR OTHER

17 complaints

Owners report several issues with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning, primarily involving the sunroof, gear shifter, and air conditioning. Multiple owners describe their sunroof unexpectedly exploding while driving, causing loud noises and potential safety risks from falling glass. Complaints frequently mention gear shifter malfunctions, where the shifter becomes stuck in various positions, preventing the vehicle from moving, which can occur at random and potentially in dangerous situations. Additionally, several owners experience intermittent air conditioning failures, often after extended use, leading to uncomfortable cabin conditions. These issues are noted at varying mileage, with some occurring shortly after purchase.

17 complaints total
SERVICE BRAKES (6 complaints)

SERVICE BRAKES

6 complaintsSafety-related

Owners of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning report several issues related to the service brakes, with two incidents involving crashes. A common issue involves the 1-pedal braking system, where the vehicle rolls back unexpectedly when switching from reverse to drive, leading to minor collisions. Another frequent problem is the failure of the electronic brake booster, causing a complete loss of braking capability, as noted around 22,000 miles. Additionally, owners describe unexpected changes in driving modes affecting regenerative braking, and random engagement of the parking brake when stopping. These problems occur at various mileages and can result in loss of control or collisions, posing safety risks for potential buyers.

6 complaints total2 crashes
STEERING (5 complaints)

STEERING

5 complaints

Owners report several steering-related issues with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning. Complaints frequently mention sudden loss of power steering and braking, often accompanied by multiple system warnings and a complete vehicle shutdown, as seen in incidents occurring at various speeds including 45 mph and 70 mph. These issues are sometimes linked to a faulty 12v battery, and owners describe difficulty in controlling the vehicle, with some reporting near-accidents. Additionally, a steering assist failure is described as causing the steering wheel to jerk before locking up, requiring significant physical effort to maintain control. These problems are noted in vehicles with low mileage, around 1,500 miles, indicating early onset. Safety implications include potential loss of vehicle control, posing risks of accidents.

5 complaints total
VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL (5 complaints)

VEHICLE SPEED CONTROL

5 complaintsSafety-related

Owners of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning frequently report issues related to unexpected acceleration and braking malfunctions. Complaints often describe instances where the vehicle accelerates on its own, particularly when attempting to slow down or when using the one pedal drive mode. Additionally, there are reports of the adaptive speed control system causing abrupt and unnecessary speed reductions, sometimes from 65+ mph to 35 mph, requiring immediate driver intervention. One incident involved a crash resulting in an injury when the vehicle unexpectedly accelerated at low speeds. These issues are reported at various mileage levels, including as low as 2,100 miles, and raise potential safety concerns for prospective buyers.

5 complaints total1 crash1 injury
VISIBILITY/WIPER (4 complaints)

VISIBILITY/WIPER

4 complaints

Owners of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning frequently report issues with the infotainment system, particularly the backup camera functionality. Complaints describe the screen freezing or failing to initiate, which affects the display of the backup camera, sometimes showing a static image that leads drivers to inaccurately assess their surroundings. This problem is noted to occur during the initial boot-up and can last 30-90 seconds, posing a safety risk when reversing. Additionally, one complaint mentions the sunroof glass shattering unexpectedly while driving, creating a hazard for both the driver and other vehicles. These issues are reported in vehicles that are relatively new, with problems emerging shortly after purchase.

4 complaints total
FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE (3 complaints)

FORWARD COLLISION AVOIDANCE

3 complaints

Owners report issues with the Forward Collision Avoidance system in the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning, with common symptoms including unexpected activation of the pre-collision alert despite no vehicles or obstacles present. Complaints frequently mention the system's warning light illuminating at various speeds, sometimes accompanied by the vehicle drifting towards a ditch. One owner describes a comprehensive safety system shutdown affecting multiple features, including Forward Collision, with instances of the steering wheel misaligning, though it self-corrects after a message about steering calibration. These issues are reported at low mileages, around 2,000 miles, with some owners experiencing repeated occurrences. While no crashes or injuries are reported, the described symptoms could imply potential safety risks, particularly concerning unexpected system failures and steering anomalies.

3 complaints total
ENGINE (2 complaints)

ENGINE

2 complaints

Owners of the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning report issues related to engine failure and unexpected vehicle behavior. One complaint describes the vehicle shutting off and the wheels locking while driving at 45 MPH, accompanied by a check engine light and a "Service Soon" message. This issue appears more frequently in rainy conditions and involves a cracked engine block and battery replacement, with the initial failure occurring at approximately 20 miles. Another owner reports the truck lurching forward after coming to a complete stop, despite the brake being applied, which is described as feeling like a rear-end collision. These issues highlight potential safety concerns, including loss of control and unexpected vehicle movements, that prospective buyers should consider.

2 complaints total

When Do 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning Problems Start?

Based on owner complaint patterns, here's when common issues tend to appear.

16,000–20,000 milesElectrical system failures
2,300–18,000 milesPower train issues
9,729–70,000 milesExterior lighting failures

Best & Worst Ford F-150 Lightning Years

Best Ford F-150 Lightning Years to Buy

The best Ford F-150 Lightning year is 2024 with a reliability score of 61/100, rated good. Other strong picks include 2025 (60/100) and 2023 (45/100).

Ford F-150 Lightning Years to Avoid

The worst Ford F-150 Lightning year is 2022 with a score of 39/100, primarily due to power train (78) issues. Also avoid 2023 (45/100).

39
RiskyReliability score: 39 out of 100, rated Risky

2022

9 recalls · 280 complaints

45
MixedReliability score: 45 out of 100, rated Mixed

2023(this page)

11 recalls · 175 complaints

See full Ford F-150 Lightning years-to-avoid analysis →

Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Score Trend

Ford F-150 Lightning reliability has improved in recent years, with newer models scoring an average of 61/100 compared to 42/100 for older years.

avg 51
22
23
24
25

Scores 0–100. Higher is better. Current year highlighted.

Ford F-150 Lightning reliability scores by year
YearScoreRating
202239/100Risky
202345/100Mixed
202461/100Good
202560/100Good

Ford F-150 Lightning Reliability Compared to Other Years

Reliability scores compared across model years
YearScorevs Prior YearRatingRecallsComplaints
202655/100 (predicted)Predicted10
202560/100-1Good32
202461/100+16Good419
2023(selected)45/100+6Mixed11175
202239/100Risky9280

Frequently Asked Questions

Is the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning reliable?
The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning has a "Mixed" reliability rating (45/100) and may present some ownership challenges. With 11 recalls and 175 complaints, buyers should research known issues carefully.
What are the most common problems with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning?
The most commonly reported problems with the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning include: ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (71 complaints), POWER TRAIN (37 complaints), EXTERIOR LIGHTING (17 complaints), UNKNOWN OR OTHER (17 complaints), SERVICE BRAKES (6 complaints). These issues were identified from owner complaints analyzed by Auto Reliability Index.
How many recalls does the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning have?
The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning has 11 recalls on record. Recalls are safety or compliance fixes issued by the manufacturer and repaired at no cost at authorized dealerships.
Is the 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning expensive to maintain?
The 2023 Ford F-150 Lightning may have above-average maintenance costs. Its reliability score of 45/100 and 175 owner complaints suggest that unexpected repairs are more likely.

How We Calculate Reliability Scores

Auto Reliability Index scores are calculated on a 0–100 scale using a weighted formula that combines multiple public data sources. Each factor is weighted based on its predictive value for real-world ownership experience.

Key Ranking Factors

1

Complaint Severity

NHTSA owner complaints weighted by component category (e.g., powertrain, safety systems, electronics, cosmetic) — safety-critical issues carry more weight than cosmetic ones. Adjusted for sales volume so high-volume models aren't unfairly penalized.

2

Repair Costs

Independent reliability ratings based on repair frequency, average repair costs, and severity of typical repairs for each model.

3

Recall Impact

Number of NHTSA recalls weighted by severity. “Stop driving” and fire-risk recalls are penalized more heavily than minor software or labeling recalls.

4

Issue Diversity

Measures how many major vehicle systems (engine, transmission, electrical, braking, etc.) have recorded complaints. A vehicle with issues spread across many systems may indicate systemic quality issues.

Scores are grouped into four tiers:

  • 80–100: Excellent — Top-tier reliability, minimal issues
  • 60–79: Good — Reliable with some minor concerns
  • 40–59: Mixed — Notable issues, research before buying
  • 0–39: Risky — Significant problems, proceed with caution

Data is sourced from NHTSA recall records, owner complaint filings, and independent repair databases. Scores are recalculated as new data becomes available. While the weighting model is proprietary, all underlying data sources are public and traceable.

See incorrect data? Report an issue